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🎏 CULTURE · Japanese culture · 2026-08-18

Koinobori: why giant carp streamers fly over Japan every May

Same news, rewritten for 6 Japanese school grades — pick your level below. Furigana + translation included.
169 chars · ~3 min · 25 kanji
🎏 CULTURE 子 こ
Same sentence · 6 levels

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五月五日ごがついつかは 子こどもの 日ひで、日本にほんでは こいのぼりを 上あげます。

魚さかなの 形かたちを した かざりで、風かぜを 受うけると 空そらを 泳およぐように 見みえます。

上うえの 黒くろい こいが 父ちち、赤あかい こいが 母はは、青あおい こいが 子こどもです。

こいは 川かわを のぼる 強つよい 魚さかなだと 言いわれます。

子こどもが 元気げんきに 育そだつように、と ねがいます。

昔むかしから つづく、日本にほんの 五月ごがつの 行事ぎょうじです。

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Translation

The fifth of May is Children’s Day, and in Japan people raise koinobori.

They are fish-shaped decorations, and when they catch the wind they look like they are swimming in the sky.

The black carp on top is the father, the red one the mother, and the blue one the children.

Carp are said to be strong fish that swim up rivers.

So a wish that children grow up healthy is placed in them.

It is a May event in Japan that has continued since long ago.

What do the koinobori colours mean?

Koinobori (鯉のぼり) are the carp-shaped windsocks that appear over Japanese houses, rivers and school grounds every spring, peaking on 5 May — Children's Day, or Kodomo no Hi. Each carp is a hollow tube of cloth with an open mouth, so wind rushes through it and the fish appears to swim in mid-air rather than hang like a flag.

The set is read as a family. The black carp at the top is the father, the red one below is the mother, and the smaller blue and green carp are the children, with families often adding one more fish per child. Above them sits a spinning wheel and a bundle of coloured streamers.

The carp was chosen for a reason. A Chinese legend says a carp that fights its way up a waterfall turns into a dragon, so the fish became a symbol of a child who pushes through difficulty and grows strong. Samurai households flew banners on Boys' Day; Edo-period townspeople, who were not allowed such banners, answered with paper carp — and the cheaper, livelier version is the one that survived.

Today koinobori range from sets taller than the roof to small ones hung indoors in apartments, but the wish behind them has not changed.

This article comes in six versions, one for each Kyōiku kanji grade from 1 to 6, with furigana readings and full Vietnamese and English translations, so you can read the same story at whatever level you have reached.

Why is a carp used for Children’s Day in Japan?

A Chinese legend tells of a carp that swims up a fierce waterfall and becomes a dragon. Japanese families adopted the fish as a wish that their child will push through hardship and grow up healthy and strong. Real carp are also famously tough — they survive in poor water and live for decades — which fits the same message.

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Why six school grades, and not N5–N1?

Because that is how Japanese children learn to read. Japan's Ministry of Education fixes exactly which character belongs to which grade — so "grade 3" is a boundary you can verify, not a feeling. Every article here is machine-checked: if a single character sits above its grade, it is not published.

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