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🪀 SPORTS · Japanese culture · 2026-08-27

Kendama: the Japanese wooden toy with kyu ranks, dan grades and a world cup

Same news, rewritten for 6 Japanese school grades — pick your level below. Furigana + translation included.
161 chars · ~3 min · 21 kanji
🪀 SPORTS 玉 だま
Same sentence · 6 levels

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けん玉だまは 木きの けんと 玉たまを 糸いとで つないだ 道具どうぐです。

けんには 大皿おおざら・中皿ちゅうざら・小皿こざらと、とがった けん先さきが あります。

玉たまを 高たかく あげ、ひざで そっと 受うけます。

今いまの 形かたちは 百年ひゃくねんほど 前まえ、広島県ひろしまけんの はつかいちで 生うまれました。

けん玉だまには 十級じゅっきゅうから 一級いっきゅうまでの くらいが あります。

いまでは 世界中せかいじゅうの 人ひとが 練習れんしゅうして います。

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Translation

Kendama is a tool made of a wooden handle and a ball joined by a string.

The handle has a big cup, a middle cup, a small cup and a sharp tip called the kensaki.

You toss the ball up high, then bend your knees and catch it softly.

Its present shape was born about a hundred years ago in Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima Prefecture.

Kendama has ranks that climb from tenth kyu up to first kyu.

Today people all over the world practise it.

What is a kendama and how do you play it?

Kendama is a Japanese skill toy that looks simple and is not. A wooden handle carries three cups — a big cup, a middle cup and a small cup — plus a sharp tip called the kensaki, and a ball hangs from it on a short string. You toss the ball, bend your knees, and try to land it. Arm strength does almost nothing; the whole trick lives in the legs.

Cup-and-ball games reached Japan long ago, but the shape people play today was designed in 1918 by Egusa Hamaji, who called it the Nichigetsu Ball, or "sun and moon ball". It was registered as a utility model the following May. The balls and handles were turned by woodworkers in Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima Prefecture, a town that made furniture parts — which is why Hatsukaichi is still called the birthplace of kendama.

In 1975 the children's author Fujiwara Issei founded the Japan Kendama Association and gave the toy something toys do not usually have: a ranking ladder running from tenth kyu up to first kyu and on into dan grades, the same idea judo and kendo use. That turned playing into competing. Since 2014 Hatsukaichi has hosted the Kendama World Cup, the largest kendama event on earth; forty countries and regions have taken part, and the 2025 edition drew more than a thousand players from twenty-six.

This article comes in six versions, one for each Kyōiku kanji grade from 1 to 6, each with furigana and full Vietnamese and English translations.

Does kendama have belts or ranks like judo?

Yes. The Japan Kendama Association, founded in 1975, set up a grading ladder that climbs from tenth kyu to first kyu and then into dan grades, borrowing the structure used by judo and kendo. That system is what pushed kendama from a folk toy toward a competitive discipline called kendama-dō. Since 2014 the Kendama World Cup has been held every year in Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima, the town where the modern kendama was first made.

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Why six school grades, and not N5–N1?

Because that is how Japanese children learn to read. Japan's Ministry of Education fixes exactly which character belongs to which grade — so "grade 3" is a boundary you can verify, not a feeling. Every article here is machine-checked: if a single character sits above its grade, it is not published.

The result: you never hit a character you have not learned. That is the whole reason this product exists.

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